Helping Mother By Shundalya Robinson - 834 Words

Helping Mother by: Shundalya Robinson Liyah has been living with her mother a very long time. She and her mother had been living in the country inside a trailer. They had been struggling buying food, paying the bills, and buying things for the house. Liyah wants to get a job and help her mother out. 1 month later, Liyah had gotten a job at Wild Aventures to help her mother out. Liyah. Liyah is 16 years old now; she go to school at Valdosta High School , and her best friend name is Jahmiya. They have been friends for 6 years now. â€Å" Liyah is at school gettting her work did , and heading to work at 3:00†. â€Å" Tick, Tick,Tick,Tick, the clock went ,ring, ring the bell went â€Å". She ran out of school and went straight to work. Liyah is a lifeguard ( save people out of water when they are drowning). Liyah gets paid tomorrow and she’s gonna give her mother her pay check to help out with some bills and stuff. â€Å" After work Liyah met with her best friend Jahmiyaâ€Å". â€Å" I miss you bestfriend , said Jahmiya†. â€Å" I miss you more best friend said Liyah†. â€Å" ughh I have so much to tell you , said Liyah†. â€Å" okay go , said Jahmiya†. â€Å" okay best friend you know how my mother has been struggling; well not anymore because i got a job at Wild Aventures , and im giving her my whole pay check everytime i get paid ,so what u think? â€Å" Jahmiya commentary on that , and said something that

Essay on The Character of Robert Cohn in The Sun Also Rises

The Character of Robert Cohn in The Sun Also Rises WWI consumed the lives of millions. Those lucky enough to have lived through the war did not necessarily to get away unscathed. Many war survivors had lost a large chunk of something called hope. Hope feeds the soul and is the fuel for love. Hope also supplies meaning in a confusing world. Lacking hope and love, feelings of disillusionment, loneliness, inadequacy, and alienation were commonplace. The characters in Hemingways The Sun Also Rises struggled with this, particularly Robert Cohn. Cohn was a ray of hope that people just couldnt bear. As in a dark room when someone opened the shade - the light hurts and one would rather close the shade than†¦show more content†¦All of the characters were dealing with this whole issue of self. Cohn, however, dealt with his problems in a different way. He cared nothing for boxing, in fact he disliked it, but he learned it painfully and thoroughly to counteract the feeling of inferiority and shyness he felt on being treated as a Jew at Princeton. Cohn was willing to work and suffer physically to try to gain back some of what he wanted-acceptance and love. The others tried to simply escape their problems in sex, alcohol, work, or fishing. This is a similarity between Cohn and Romero. Although boxing is not as threatening as fighting bulls, the work and torment and sweat involved show the hope that they have t hat the end result is worth the work and pain. Cohn believed that true love existed, but he had never known it. For four years his horizon had been absolutely limited to his wife. For three years, or almost three years, he had never seen beyond Frances. I am sure he had never been in love in his life. She [Frances] was very forceful, and Cohn never had a chance of not being taken in hand. Also he was sure that he loved her. Robert Cohn had two rather lengthy relationships-both three years or more. He did not fall in and out of love as quickly as theShow MoreRelatedThe Sun Also Rises by Ernest Hemingway1195 Words   |  5 Pagespowerful aspects of a book. For instance, when a reader reads the title The Sun Also Rises, written by Ernest Hemingway, the reader is able to understand that the title of the novel is connected directly to the message that the author is attempting to convey. The title later brings forth much more significance towards the very end of the novel when the reader pauses and contemplates Hemingway’s motives. The title The Sun Also Rises has the ability to stimulate deep thought within a reader, thus forcingRead MoreThe Sun Also Rises By Ernest Hemingway1649 Words   |  7 PagesThe Sun Also Rises Ernest Hemingway Introduction Ernest Hemingway’s The Sun Also Rises is a classic work of American prose, and is essential to understanding the social climate of the 1920’s, and the â€Å"Lost Generation†. Hemingway’s motley cast of star-crossed lovers, rabble-rousers, expatriates, gamblers, and burgeoning alcoholics reflect the excitement, loneliness, and disillusionment experienced by Hemingway and his contemporaries. In addition, the post-war angst of young people of the time isRead MoreEssay on Robert Cohns Struggle for Respect in The Sun Also Rises798 Words   |  4 PagesRobert Cohns Struggle for Respect in The Sun Also Rises    Jake Barnes: Youre not an aficionado? Spanish waiter: Me? What are bulls? Animals. Brute animals... A cornada right through the back. For fun-you understand. (Hemingway, 67)  Ã‚  Ã‚   Why does everybody hate Robert Cohn? At the beginning of Hemingways novel, The Sun Also Rises, Jake Barnes, the storys point-of-view character, wants us to believe that he has at least some appreciation for Cohn. He relates some of Cohns life for usRead More Ernest Hemingway: Allegorical Figures In The Sun Also Rises1227 Words   |  5 Pages Ernest Hemingway: Allegorical Figures in The Sun Also Rises Thesis: Hemingway deliberately shaped the protagonists in The Sun Also Rises as allegorical figures. OUTLINE I. The Sun Also Rises A. Hemingways novel. B. Hemingways protagonists are deliberately shaped as allegorical figures. C. Novel symbolizing the impotence after W.W.I. II. Jake Barnes. A. Wound. 1. Damaged genitalia. 2. Cant make love. 3. Feels desire. B. Wound is symbol of life in years after W.W.I. C. 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Robert Cohn did not fi ght in the war, unlike the others in the group, but he lost most of his inheritance, his wife, and the custody of his three children. Cohn loses his money and his family due to his personalRead MoreThe Life of Ernest Hemingway Essay1007 Words   |  5 Pagesthat he wrote the novel The Sun Also Rises. Hemingway used symbolism and irony to express his own experiences that he went through after the war, in this novel. Gertrude Stein named the generation of adults that lived during World War I, The Lost Generation.People thought the phrase holds true to some people who fought or were involved in the war. Hemingway quotes Stein in passages saying The world remains and the sun continues to rise and set. The Sun Also Rises first appeared in 1926. JakeRead MoreThe Sun Also Rises By Ernest Hemingway Essay889 Words   |  4 Pageslong. While â€Å"The Sun Also Rises† by Ernest Hemingway is a relatively short book, it still contains a wealth of intricate detail. 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Globalization and Internationalization Motivation †MyAssignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about the Globalization and Internationalization Motivation. Answer: Introduction: The word compulsory or rather global has no authorized definition; however, it fundamentally refers to a language, which is learned and spoken internationally and is characterized not only by the number of its citizen, but also by its geological distribution and its utilization in international organizations and in political affairs. A universal language acts as a lingua franca, a familiar language enabling community from sundry backgrounds and ethnicities to correspond on an unbiased base (Algeo Butcher, 2013). The following essay analyses the advantages of English as a compulsory subject in schools globally. The essay also encompasses the motivations that might be incorporated to make it a global or compulsory subject in all academic institutions worldwide. English is the third most extensive native language in the globe, subsequent to Standard Chinese and Spanish. It is the most extensively learned second language and is either the bureaucratic language or one of the bureaucratic languages in roughly 60 sovereign states. The opulence and profundity of English's language sets it apart from other languages (Jenkins, 2013). The essay concludes by highlighting the impact of English as a compulsory subject in the schools globally. The essay also highlights the glorious history of the language as well as its impact on the modern education and communication structure of the society. In order to succeed in a world where English is the main language of international interpersonal communication, it is necessary for an individual to master the subject. English at present is the only language that is used in every platforms of our social and communal life; be it in films, literatures, music, sports, business or environment. The language has become an inseparable part of human life and hence it is very important for all the individuals to learn the skills and phonology of the language (Braine, 2014). Therefore, all the academic institutions must take initiatives to make this language as a compulsory subject for their students for their future working life. Moreover, learning of English literature from the nursery rhymes to Shakespeares sonnets may inculcate a lifelong experience of joy in reading and endow an individual with a deeper perceptive of one individuals self and others. The academic institutions must encourage their students in making them aware about the En glish texts in films and other art forms, which will inspire the students to develop their own artistic imagination and originality in these genres and media (Fallon Rublik, 2012). Thus, English as a subject is a device that will help in gaining knowledge and personal insight. The subject is designed in a way that it is made a regular core subject for all the upper secondary educational programs. So, in the near future the subject will assist the pupils in choosing their future career programs as the scope of the subject is widely spread all over the world. The pupils must also be made aware of advantages of the language in the cultural understanding of the world and the focus must be made on the developing of the knowledge of English as world language. If the language is not learnt properly then, it limits the communication of an individual with the outside world and the person remains isolated from the rest of the world (Mojavezi Tamiz, 2012). English is a very important part of an individuals daily communications in case of teaching of foreign students. Here comes the role of media. Media has played a major role in influencing people. In fact, globalization and progress in contemporary technology have improved the education procedure. Since globalization has made the globe smaller. The media connects to all modes of communication from internet, broadcasting, television, cassette, auditory and any supplementary sources that have the capacity to broadcast information (Bordwell Carroll, 2012). Miscellany of media is nowadays used as a primary training aid, not only in the essentials of English within the National Curriculum, but as an indispensable necessity to meet up the challenges of the worldwide market (Haghverdi, Ghasemi, 2013). Nobody can overlook the significance of this global language, which provides the foundation for endurance these years. English donates to sustainable universal improvement. It eases trade amo ng nations that do not share a universal tongue. It is used as a tongue of convenience, facilitating conversation and constructing faith where an understanding of miscellaneous positions is vital remarkably in international relations and conflict resolution, where defense forces and other uniformed services increasingly converse to each other in English (Maringe Foskett, 2012). The learning of English language can facilitate a child to develop the skill of bilingualism. Bilingualism is a skill that can be immense helpful to any individual for his future prospects. A child therefore must learn a language that will facilitate him to communicate with the rest of the world. Besides, learning a language other than the mother tongue makes an individual more skilled than the person who is a monolingual. A bilingual is also considered much wittier than persons with monolingual as bilingualism smooth the progress of the faculties in performing one or more tasks at a time and hence the brain is operating the two functions at a time. The attitude or the behavior of the teachers, teaching at the school, is very important. Generally, in the countries, where English is not an official language but it is legalized as a compulsory language in school, students just learn it to get good marks at school. After the school hours and outside the premises of the school, students do not develop the urge to practice it among themselves or individually. Generally, the motivation factor in this scenario to learn English is to just get a satisfactory report card in English (Samson and Collins, 2015). This has to be changed and the change can only be possible when teachers become the positive role models in inculcating English. Teachers themselves must display positive attitude in learning English and encouraging the students to also learn English. The role of the teachers is very important in instigating the students to practice perfect English and continue doing so even after their school graduation. Therefore, in the countries where English is a compulsory subject at school but the motivation to learn it is low, schools must take the initiative to appoint dynamic, persuasive and responsible teachers to teach English at school (Wright, 2015). The next important step is that English must be made a compulsory subject to pass in order to graduate from school. At present, in many countries, more often where English is a compulsory subject, getting the pass percentage is not so important. This is because other subjects are considered to be more important and easiest to secure the overall pass aggregate in school. As a result, English is ignored (Kibler, Valds Walqui, 2014). This has to be changed. English must be made a compulsory subject to pass in order to be promoted to the next class and become a high school graduate. This will certainly create a positive effect on the dismal condition of English in those countries. The students will be induced to learn and master English at the highest level because failing to graduate from school would certainly be a severe hamper to the progress of a students career graph. Therefore, in the countries, where English is a compulsory subject at school, but the motivation to learn it is lo w, the educational sector must adopt the initiative to make English a compulsory subject to pass in all the class exams and finally in the high school graduation exam (Braine, 2014). The schools and the universities must have or develop the adequate infrastructure to teach and learn English. Many of the schools in those countries where English is a compulsory subject in school, but the motivation to learn it is low, have pathetic teaching materials and infrastructural facilities. At times, during school hours, the teachers cannot teach or make the students understand the subject English because of inadequate books and study materials. As a result, the gifted students who are interested and eager to learn English at the advanced level are denied the opportunity to do so (Shyamlee Phil, 2012). Due to this, at a time, the eagerness and keenness of the students to learn English starts to diminish and then ultimately dies. To prevent this, the schools must have the provision of proper and sufficient poem books, journals, magazines, storybooks and other reading materials in their library. If such were done, then the students would automatically feel energized and enli ven to learn and practice English. Therefore, in the countries, where, English is a compulsory subject at school, but the motivation to learn it is low, the government must make sure that the schools have adequate and good standard teaching materials in English (Hayati, Jalilifar Mashhadi, 2013). The next most important step is to publicize the importance and influence of English as a global language. At schools and at universities, the student population should be made to understand that English is the key to higher level of professional success. English is the primary foreign language, which is regularly practiced and spoken at schools, universities and offices alike in the world. It is widely understood that when a person is sufficiently proficient in English, then the path of his career progress will be smooth and guaranteed (Crystal, 2012). In addition to this, if a person wants to settle abroad to study or to work, then learning to speak perfect English is extremely important. The majority of the workplaces in the western countries of the world demand their employees to be conversant in English because English is also the global language of business. All over the world, the supremacy of English is paramount. Therefore, in the countries, where English is a compulsory sub ject, but the motivation to learn it is low, the government and the official authorities must make sure that English is artfully popularized among the student population and as well as among their parents. The students must understand that if they want to grow in life or bring a change to their lifestyle, by immigrating to other countries, then they must have the motivation to study it beyond the primary level (Pennycook, 2017). Therefore, from the above conclusion, it can be concluded that English is indeed a very important language to master for the students of any country in the world. English is the recognized global lingua franca of the world. All the sectors in the world including the sectors of educational, cultural, social, and industrial and the entertainment, English is pervasively spoken and understood. In many non Anglo-Saxon countries of the world, English has been officially recognized as a second or a third language. Due to this, the importance and influence of English has reached to the sky heights. No other language in the world, other than English exercises massive universal power, aristocracy and dominance. English is frequently seen as a class or status determiner in the Asian and the African countries. However, there are some countries in the world, where English is legalized as a foreign language and yet it is not perfectly spoken by the native population. Situations like this are extre mely pitiful as it is waste of time, effort and money. To minimize this, necessary steps are required to be undertaken by the governments and the schools of those countries. References Algeo, J., Butcher, C. A. (2013).The origins and development of the English language. Cengage Learning. Bordwell, D., Carroll, N. (Eds.). (2012).Post-theory: Reconstructing film studies. University of Wisconsin Pres. Braine, G. (Ed.). (2014).Teaching English to the world: History, curriculum, and practice. Routledge. Crystal, D. (2012).English as a global language. Cambridge university press. Fallon, G., Rublik, N. (2012). Second-Language Education Policy in Quebec: ESL Teachers Perceptions of the Effects of the Policy of English as a Compulsory Subject at the Early Primary Level.TESL Canada Journal,29(2), 58. Haghverdi, H. R., Ghasemi, B. (2013). An Evaluation of American English File Series.Iranian Journal of Research in English Language Teaching,1(2), 83-97. Hayati, A., Jalilifar, A., Mashhadi, A. (2013). Using Short Message Service (SMS) to teach English idioms to EFL students.British Journal of Educational Technology,44(1), 66-81. Jenkins, J. (2013).English as a lingua franca in the international university: The politics of academic English language policy. Routledge. Kibler, A., Valds, G., Walqui, A. (2014). What Does Standards?based Educational Reform Mean for English Language Learner Populations in Primary and Secondary Schools?.TESOL Quarterly,48(3), 433-453. Maringe, F., Foskett, N. (Eds.). (2012).Globalization and internationalization in higher education: Theoretical, strategic and management perspectives. AC Black. Mojavezi, A., Tamiz, M. P. (2012). The impact of teacher self-efficacy on the students' motivation and achievement.Theory and Practice in Language Studies,2(3), 483. Pennycook, A. (2017).The cultural politics of English as an international language. Taylor Francis. Samson, J. F., Collins, B. A. (2012). Preparing All Teachers to Meet the Needs of English Language Learners: Applying Research to Policy and Practice for Teacher Effectiveness.Center for American Progress. Shyamlee, S. D., Phil, M. (2012). Use of technology in English language teaching and learning: An analysis. InInternational Conference on Language, Medias and Culture IPEDR(Vol. 33, pp. 150-156). Wright, W. E. (2015).Foundations for teaching English language learners: Research, theory, policy, and practice. Caslon Incorporated.

Human Resource Management Essay Example For Students

Human Resource Management Essay Murrindindi Shire Council ExperienceHuman Resource management (HRM) has been seen as either having a traditional or contemporary approach. This paper will define both approaches. The HR aproach undertaken by the Murrindindi Shire Council (MSC) which was my organisation up to three months ago will be reviewed in this context as well as identifiable costs or opportunities that exist. Human Resource Management is the management of an organisations staff/personnel to meet the needs and achieve the purpose of the business in an efficient and effective manner. HRM is defined by Kramer McGraw Shulder (1997,p.10) as having having three purposes being ? To ensure quality of worklife andIt has been observed in particular that organisations tend to be very good at the legal compliance as it is legislated as it has some serious consequences if not adhered to. What is generally overlooked is the financial implications of dot points one and two. Effective human management can contribute to not only product output but also product quality. HRM managers are operating at three distinct levels as explained by Kramer McGraw Shulder (1997,p.30) strategic, managerial and operational-Operational levels (short term) can be disseminated down to lower level management or team leaders as they involve straight forward and traditional levels of HR Managerial Level (short term)This level and following tend to be the levels of strategic importance to the organisation link functions to organisational strategiesStrategy as a process is defined by (Shaun Tyson 1997 p. 278) is a mechanism for achieving a desired objective. It can then be said that the Human Resource Strategy needs to be aligned with the organisations business strategies or corporate objectives. In effect one of the mechanisms to be used is that of Human Resources. Miller defined strategic HRM as those decisions and actions which concern the management of employees at all levels in the business and which are related to the implementation of strategies directed towards creating and sustaining competitive advantage (Miller, 1987 p.352). HRM will aid the organisation through the change (responsive) process via its long term and medium term HR strategies. The Change theory for Organisation Development (Robbins 1994, p.813) defines Organisational Development as a planned long-range improvement process, based on humanistic democratic values. It uses change interventions grounded in behaviour science knowledge, which seeks to improve organisational effectiveness and employee well being. He is in effect advocating the same long-term objectives as Kramer McGraw Shulder to ensure the organisations effectiveness, which will in turn effect the organisations bottom line. Traditionally HRM departments have had limited opportunity to be involved in the strategic functions of the organisation. HRM was refereed to as Personnel management and is noted by Kramer McGraw Shulder (1997,p.18) as dealing with activities such as recrement selection, compensation, and training. It could be said that traditionally HRM has revolved around process rather than strategy. With the growing knowledge in the field and recognition that effective management of this vital resource can effect the bottom line human resource management is now an important part of the total Organisations management. This has been explained by Kramer McGraw Shulder (1997,p.7) as .. Contemporary thinking on HRM tends to see it more broadly distributed organisational competence, including line managers, rather than just a group of specialists in an HR department. In essence Kramer McGraw Shulder is arguing that HR is an organisational responsibility that should be filtered down through all levels of management. It is broader than simply compliant to process but should be strategic, evolving and responsive to change. I agree with this statement, as many operation functions are process driven in that providing the process is well defined the basic HR functions below can be very simply implemented either by line managers or general operational staff. The basic HR functions common to most organisations are as follows Kramer McGraw Shulder (1997,p.7, 8)? Planning for Human Resource needs? Staffing the organisations personnel needs? Performance Management and review? Improving Employees and their work environment? Establishing and Maintaining effective working RelationshipsChange in simplistic terms is defined (Robbins 1994,p.885) as making things different. Change management in the context of HR could therefor be defined as contributing to making things different through human resources. Changing the way people behave is the core of change management with the purpose of maximises the organisations efficiency. The goals of the organisation can be achieved through the link between the external environment, internal environment; organisations make up, culture, management and human resource policies. The Progressive Era EssayFinancial gains were also gained via linking salary increases to productivity improvement through enterprise bargaining agreements. Training in general is coordinated centrally to address computer skill needs, occupational health and safety or more generally organisation deficiencies. This does produce savings in course costs and more importantly staffing efficiencies. Payment and performance appraisal coordination is undertaken centrally with reporting through systems to senior management and the Chief Executive via structured reports and key indicators. Such things as absenteeism are monitored and reported. Staff surveys are undertaken annually and any change is measured against the systems/processes that were put in place top measure cause and effect. Savings to the organisation can be measured via staffing hours, budgets, casual labour required and in some cases outputs. Innovation is one of the most powerful ways in which an organisation can either get a competitive advantage. HR innovation was undertaken by senior management and although no new innovations were introduced many systems such as QA, process improvement, safety mapping system etc were introduced through the training strategy and then implemented through the workforce with significant savings. Kramer McGraw Shulder (1997,p.34) highlights the need for HR staff not to overburden line managers with paperwork and administration. It therefor must be lean and reduce costs themselves. MSC by not having a HR department is able to do this however there is a tendency to put off or not implement organisational policies in lieu of what is seen as more urgent works. This therefore has to be watched closely by directors in order not to drop the ball so to speak. Although in Murrindindis case the HR functional role is dispersed throughout the organisation the direct reporting of organisational HR is undertaken by the Organisation Development Director. This enables the Chief Executive to be fully informed and for the Director to take on a strategic approach to HR. The Director is also responsible for customer surveys and internal surveys which allows him to have a clear sense of whether the organisation is achieving is corporate objectives and community obligations. Positive and negative comments are then fed back to the executive team. It is also worth noting that as Local Government the driver for meeting the communities needs is not entirely the bottom line but is also the services we deliver and the way or quality in which we deliver them. HR initiatives and policies are therefore directed to words outputs and efficiencies within to reach those outputs ie delivering value to the community. Value of service=Quality+CostKramer McGraw Shulder (1997,p.35) notes that more and more human resource management is pushed down to line managers, it is suggested at least one fifth of time is spent of HR issues. In my position as Director Infrastructure Services at Murrindindi and now Bendigo at least 40% of my time would be spent on HR management. My role includes motivation, reinforcing, training and development of staff. The remainder of time is spent on organisational strategy development and implementation. Employees also play a role in HR through self-managing teams and decision making. The five roles as described being Policy, provider, auditor, innovator and adaptor were seen by Kramer McGraw Shulder as being needed to show the value of a HR department. I have explained that in MSCs case these functions are disseminated throughout the organisation with the exception of the duties of the Organisational Development Director. Human Resource management is a necessary function within an organisation both traditionally but more importantly strategically in being a key tool to the shaping of Human Resources into being able to deliver long term strategic goals. This is summed up quite nicely by Kramer McGraw Shulder (1997,p.252) asHuman Resource planning by definition is a derived function. That is, before an organisation can plan for its needs, it must know something about its organisational goals and strategy. Thus, Human resource planning takes on strategic importance because it requires that that human resource strategy and objectives be linked to organisation strategy objectives. In other words they are saying that Human resource management and organisational management are intertwined and a systemic approach must be taken. Huamn Resource Management in Australia. Human Resource Startegy: A process for manageing the contribution of HRM to organizational performanceRobbins S.P. , Water-Marsh T, Cacioppe R, Millett B (1994)Organsiational Behaviour Concepts , Controversies and ApplicationsThe expertise of the change agent: Public performance and Backstage Activity,Prentice-Hall, International Series. Bibliography:

Is It Glorious To Die For Your Country.... This Question Has Essays

Is it glorious to die for your country?.... This question has been posed to many young people about to embark on war although the answer has usually been 'yes' in response to their country due mainly to the fact that the government instills it in the people of the country to support one's country and one way is to send young abled bodied men into the army. If you were one individual that was not in favour of fighting for your country you would surely become an outcast by the countries people. To avoid ridicule and becoming outcasted by the people living around you, you would join the army just in the thought that you were obligated to for the sole sake of your country. Such thoughts were reinforced by the government promotion of propaganda. Glorifying death is not needed to be taught and should be up to the sole individual. School systems should teach an unbiased point of view of war to enable the child to make their own decision to fight for one's country. Within the education system it was instructed to the teachers to teach the children at a young age during the brink of war to instill that their the life of the country and for them to defend their country against the enemy. Teachers showed being in a army was representing honour and the pride of the country. Guilt was laid on the students who showed rebellion by the teacher. Many times the teacher would try to show a soldier that looks happy and content trying to represent being a soldier makes you happy and content. Many young inexperienced soldiers were sent to training camps near the battle fields that they would soon be sent to fight, for their country and their life. The training camps were situated on similar enviroments that resembled the battle fields of where the fighting would take place. Reinforced displine to the young and ignorant men. Trench warfare is when many soldiers of opposing countries fight against each other across a vast desolate, dirt covered land, and the only sense of cover was to crouch in a usually water logged trench. The sense of death engulfed your very soul, the constant bombardment of shells echo in your mind long after it had ceased. On the Western front conditions were horrible to say the least, stench of death remained constantly in the air, bodies riddled with bullet wounds lay across the bottoms of the trenches, dismembered bodies scattered across the landscape and the sounds of agonizing and dying men echo across the battle grounds. Very limited rations offering very little in flavour was the only food available to the soldiers. Often raining, it caused muddy, damp conditions. The men staying in a trench filled with water and muddy conditions often caused such diseases as trench foot and trench mouth. Contagious diseases were spread quickly. Lack of cleaniness gave many soldiers lice and rats would run through the trenches feeding on the garbage and human wastes. Thousands of soldiers would line up under the cover of their trenches for a stretch of miles and wait for the leading officer to give the signal for the charge. When the signal was given the thousands of soldiers would all try to run across the no-man's land to attempt the breach of the enemies trench. This charge would be under constant machine gun fire and mortar shelling by the enemy. These kind of attacks usually failed maily due to the fact the odds were already stacked against the attacking party. The distances the charging men had to run to get to the enemies trench was far enough for the enemy to use it's constant shelling and it's machine gun fire to dwindle the attacking army significant enough for the attacking army to retreat. Counter attacks were quickly attempted after the attacks. The counter attacks were similiar to the actual attacks except the difference was that the counter attack involved the killing of the retreating of the enemy instead of attacking someone under the cover of the trench. During the war all soldiers were affected either physically or phsycologically. Shell shock was an ongoing sickness affecting many soldiers in the trenches. The constant bombardment of mortar shelling became so defeaning and monotonous the sounds of shelling remained with the soldier even when there was no shelling. Such cases became so severe for some the soldier would go in fits of rage and fear at the very same instantance. Virtually all soldiers felt homesick at one time or another. The soldiers being out on the battle fronts for

Freud analysis on Artificial Intelligence Essay Example

Freud analysis on Artificial Intelligence Essay Example Freud analysis on Artificial Intelligence Essay Freud analysis on Artificial Intelligence Essay David experiences a dream like state as he believes the fantasies that are being created for him. David is strongly motivated by his id, which is driven by his own pleasures and desires. Teddy, his robotic bear, is guided by his ego that is responsible for dealing with reality. The ego ensures that the impulses of the id can be expressed in an acceptable manner in the real world. Also, Frauds theory of Oedipal complex is present in the relationship between David and his mother, ultimately suggesting that David has repressed sexual desires for her. Furthermore, symbolism Is present throughout the movie as Frauds belief of hidden wishes as well as desires Is shown through imagery and representation of certain characters. In Artificial Intelligence, the idea of rational logic is in conflict with the idea of an alternate reality as David believes it is possible for his non-biological mother to love IM back some day. Freud establishes a common element in fantasies: the human desire to alter the existing and often unsatisfactory or unpleasant world of reality. David is ultimately motivated by his id as it acts as a course of aggression and desire for him. David meets the protocol robot of himself, the robot claims his name is David. He suddenly feels irritated and threatened by the robot as he quotes cant have her. Shes mine. I am the only one! More drastically, David then picks up the lamp sitting on the desk and rapidly hits the other robot and yells over and over l AM DAVID! until he destroys the robot. : This helps highlight the idea that Davits old has controlled his mind and actions leading him to become an aggressive character. Willing to stop at nothing to gain his mothers love, David is willing to do anything in order to fulfill his fantasy of becoming human. Ultimately, a dreamlike state is formed as David creates a story in order to satisfy his own pleasures and desires. Furthermore, one could argue that his intentions were more sinister than simply destroying the robot. In order to reach his mother, and satisfy his own needs as well s desires, David may ultimately have had darker intentions in mind. According to Freud, unlike the d, the ego demonstrates a representation of reason and common sense. Its mall concern Is with the Individuals safety and allows some of the Ids desires to be expressed, but only when consequences of these actions are marginal. Teddy, Davis bear, Is guided by his ego to make rational decisions to help protect David. For example, when Martin challenges David to eat food at the dinner grads s arm Ana quotes You wall Drear warning David harm himself if he eats the food. Furthermore, Teddy appears to be a rational figure that cares for the ids safety and overall well-being. Overall, Teddys ego allows him to have a rational sense of Judgment, tolerance, synthesis of information and also an excellent memory. The egos function of intellect is shown in Teddy as David asks him for information and explanation of things throughout the movie. Also, Teddys high level of tolerance guided by his ego is proven to be true regardless of all of Davits poor actions. Despite Davits unrealistic desire, Teddy still remains by his side ill the end. Furthermore, Teddys ego guides him to take the demands and reality of the outside world into account in addition to the ids basic needs and urges. Another idea Freud proposes is the Oedipal complex. The Oedipal complex can be described as the sexual desire a young boy may have for his mother. Often times they contain hatred towards their father as there is considered to be a rivalry. The Oedipal complex is present between David and his mother as shown several times throughout the movie. Although it may not be clearly visible for the audience, there re several signs suggesting that David has a sexual desire for her. Also, a sense of jealously is present towards his father as David sees him hugging his mother while in the bedroom. During this scene, he was silently standing by the doorway watching them both. As his father leaves the bedroom, David approaches him by the name of Henry. This scene suggests that David contains no love for his adoptive father but instead views him as a threat. It is evident throughout the movie that David resents Henry such as when David picks up Henrys phone call. He shows his mother that he s not only able to answer calls but project peoples voices as well. In a sense, David was mocking his father as he mouthed the words his father was saying throughout the phone call. During this act, David resists giving his mother the phone since he doesnt want them to communicate with one another. As the movie progresses, it is apparent that David wants his mother all to himself and that the love David has for his mother is more of a sexual desire. Furthermore, in the last scene of the movie, he brings his mother back to life. In this scene, the narrator quotes David thought it was he happiest day of his life, all the problems seemed to have disappeared from his mommys mind, there was no Henry, no Marty, no grief, it was only David. The sense of rivalry is clearly shown throughout this quote as well as his everlasting sexual love for his mother. The sexual context of Davits love for his mother is clearly demonstrated when David makes coffee for his mother, tucks her in bed and lastly sleeps beside her while holding her hand. All of which are common actions that a husband would do for his wife. In summary, the Oedipal complex is the hidden drive that influences David. Davits actions and behavior are solely based on his sexual desire for his mother and hatred towards his father. Freud describes symbolism as representation of repressed, mainly sexual objects of desire by non-sexual objects that resemble them or are associated with them. The scene, winner David Ana Nils mother are lying In ten cellular snap Deck, tons Dead can be interpreted in several different means. Looking from a sexual perspective, the bed can represent the female genitalia. The shape of the bed can be compared to the female sexual organ as since they have similar appearance to one another. One may include that since David is lying in this bed, which represents his mothers female genitalia, it may symbolize intercourse. The secretly desired intercourse David wishes to have with his mother. Another interpretation the concave shaped bed may have is resemblance to his mothers womb. As David is lying in the bed in this case, it may suggest David is inside of her womb. It can symbolize the desire for David to truly be human so that his mother will love him. Ironically, this desire is not capable to being a reality because David was not conceived by his mother, but rather built by man to be a robot. Overall, there are several ways to interpret the concave shaped bed as symbolism can be derived from myriad meanings. Psychoanalytical criticism not only shows peoples unconscious desires but helps analyze their motivations as well. Freud believed that the motive forces of fantasies are unsatisfied wishes, and every single fantasy is the fulfillment of a wish, a correlation of unsatisfying reality. Throughout the movie David acts upon his unconscious desires and is capable to give in into his own sense of pleasure. David was able to convince himself that there was an alternate reality where he would come human and his mother would love him, a situation that he derived pleasure from. Furthermore, Teddy has shown the characteristics of the ego as he has acted as a rational figure and helped protect David on their Journey to satisfy this unrealistic dream of Davits. Freud also has proven that a young boy can have sexual desires for his mother. That this young boy is David, aggressively wanting his mothers love to fulfill his sexual desire for her. Lastly, Frauds idea of symbolism has shown that imagery can have more than one meaning and often times the meaning behind them relates to sexuality.

Obama Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Obama Assignment - Essay Example e represent opportunities for a truly unprecedented series of changes that could change the way that the world thinks about America, and America about itself. The organisation of the U.S. government system in general, is fundamentally based on promoting American capitalism at its core, and unless a change in this vital paradigm is brought about it is difficult to achieve a shift in public policy. Obama has said that America must be as careful in withdrawing troops as it was careless in going to war – but at the heart of the matter is the bigger question of newly-acquired U.S. oil interests in Iraq, with one of the world’s major untapped resources. It is difficult to envisage the current U.S. administration to admit that there are vested economic interests in the war, and current political structure would certainly discourage the U.S. from making a U-turn. In turn, it is also linked to the energy crisis, as it will take time for America to build its renewable energy rese rves, and thus oil-related geopolitical considerations would continue for a while. The cost of war is another issue : American firms rebuilding Iraq are also part of the complex geopolitical chain of economic considerations. Even Obama’s personal profile and acceptability in the Arab world will hardly make it any easier to address this vital issue. Influencing public policy in this regard is likely to remain a major challenge fir the foreseeable future. Regarding the credit crisis and its effect on the American economy, the challenges are even greater. Obama’s agenda to create more jobs for Americans means that the existing credit-fuelled structure of the American market place has to be changed. Housing is one of the mainstays of American economic activity : to cause a shift to this will be a monumental task, as the housing sector is likely to stay depressed for a longer period of time. Obama will face an uphill task with the Congress to raise minimum wages, amend NAFTA to benefit

Evaluation of research methodologies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Evaluation of research methodologies - Essay Example The supply chain is a vital topic for most of the practitioners and researchers. However, the main concerns constraining the full and complete use of the concept of supply chain management research has been the construct taking its own meaning that depends on the subjectivity of an individual and the different points if views. Therefore, there is a need for most of the researchers to operationalize and measure what actually supply chain integration means (Clarke 2005). Over the past years, one of the major themes in the supply chain literature has always been the integration as a key factor in achieving improvements. The general idea, in this case, is that the integrative practices and the high level of integration have a great impact positively on the performance of corporate and supply chain. Recent empirical work shows evidence that is convincing for the relationship between performance and integration. Although some of these studies might come under criticism for using a limited description of integration, more problems are more fundamental in both the empirical and the theoretical integration work. In future researches, there is the need for coming up with sound constructs and methodologies that are adequate to help us understand the existing relationship between the performance of supply chain and the integrative practices2. When choosing the best method for research strategy, there are several tradeoffs that are in control, realism, and the generalizability. Quantitative methods of research optimize control and generalizability that s external validity, whereas the qualitative method of research maximizes on realism, which is the internal validity. Scholars of logistics do agree that supply chain management and logistics are steeped in the paradigm of positivism, and the past research is primarily normative and quantitative (Mangan , Lalwani , and Gardner 2004).

Industry Best Practices Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Industry Best Practices - Research Paper Example More devices are being used today than were ever before. This has made protecting network while providing access very difficult and expensive in the industry. It is important to ensure that local user access is very tightly secured today while remote user access is just as simple and sound as local. Given the use of devices and technology today, all users are remote while all end points are unsafe. The user demand will increase in the coming years and demand access to business resources from any location will also increase. The future is gearing up towards a universal access control model, one that inverts the network. In this the protection will be more focused towards application resources. In universal access control, the entire access network field is level. In this setting, no user, device or location is given preference or trusted blindly. The focal point of such an access control field are its information resources. These include the applications, the data and the services. Th us in all its benefits and advantages, the biggest advantage of universal access control is that it ensures all resources are available easily at any point and at any location. However, universal access control is just made available. It Is not made universally accessible as one of the best practices in the industry. The IT department of any telecommunication company needs to come up with a strategy to establish and sustain universal access control. Universal access control has made protection of devices, data and resources more easy. With the growing evolution of laptops and mobile traditional networks cant be protected completely by IT. Thus the most dangerous and notorious attacks on the networks come from local users than from remote users. Thus implementation of universal access control ensures protection from these attacks. It is important for IT managers to assume that any user and device as a potential risk point. Implementation of universal access control has become a criti cal norm in the industry. IT managers must now assume that any user and device is a potential risk point. It does not matter if the user is gaining access remotely or by directly plugging into the LAN. Thus universal access control in a remote connectivity environment, serves to provide the following three important objectives: (REMOTE CONNECTIVITY) 1. Provision of adequate security: The security system should ensure that users are validated with passwords to protect network attached resources from unauthorized access. The greater the number of levels of security provided, the more secure the network resources and information would become. 2. Easy administration: The security systems should be easily accessible, easy to use and most be protected from unwanted tampering by other users. 3. Transparency: Users can attempt to implement circumvent security methods which are difficult to use. So the universal access control model implemented should ensure logging in from both the work sta tion attached to corporate LAN as well from home office. Implementation of universal access control is costly. It takes heavy costs for IT, infrastructure and other costs have escalated sharply and heavily. Thus the implementation of universal access control is a costly procedure. . Works Cited REMOTE CONNECTIVITY. (n.d.). Retrieved 1 14, 2012, from Sonic Wall:

Analysing Negative Attitudes Towards Mental Illness

Analysing Negative Attitudes Towards Mental Illness This chapter will examine the term stigma and discuss the negative attitudes that the public hold towards mental health and mental illness and suggest why they may have adopted these views and attitudes. It will also address the medias role in portraying these views and sustaining these attitudes towards mental illness. An enormous number of individuals are affected by mental illness worldwide: the World Health Organization (WHO) (2001) has estimated that 1 in 5 persons will suffer from a mental illness each year. A question that could be asked if mental illness is a dominant and prevalent issue within society today why do people still hold these negative views and attitudes within society? Finally the chapter will conclude by making some recommendations for practice, ways that stigma can be reduced and how mental health and mental illness can be portrayed in a more positive light. To fully appreciate the views and attitudes towards mental illness it is important to understand the concept of stigma. Stigma is derived from the Greek for a mark branded on a slave or criminal (White, 1998). Goffmans (1963) seminal work on stigmatization has, over the years, stimulated a great variety of educational discussion on the nature, sources, and effects of stigma (Link and Phelan, 2001). According to Goffman (1963) stigma is a physical or psychological mark of disgrace that makes an individual stand out from society. Three types of stigmatizing marks identified by Goffman include, Abominations of the body, tribal stigma, and blemishes of individual character (Goffman, 1963, pg 14). People who encompass these physical or psychological marks are often devalued and dehumanised which consequently leads to their position within society being corrupted by the distressing effects of stigmatization (Goffman, 1963). A definition that can be seen to encompass all aspects alongside Goffman is offered by Miles (1981) cited in Brunton (1997) who says, Societal reaction which singles out certain attributes evaluates them as an undesirable and devalues the persons who possess them. (p. 892) The suffering and loss of opportunities that seems to always come hand in hand with a diagnosis of mental illness can be seen to be connected to the psychiatric symptoms that can be observed e.g. talking to voices, the decrease in daily functioning, and the dip in a persons social functioning in society (Corrigan and Wassel, 2008). However, the loss of opportunities and the person with a mental illness devaluing their own self worth take place for the reason of the stigma that surrounds mental illness (Corrigan and Kleinlein, 2005). For the purposes of this dissertation negative attitudes refers to discriminatory attitudes that are based on prejudice, stereotypes or inaccurate information. Stereotypes are firmly set judgements that are learnt throughout life and held firmly in our mind (Stier and Hinshaw, 2007). They are discriminating views or images related to members of particular groups (Corrigan and Wassel, 2008). Prejudice effects individuals in an emotional manner (Stier and Hinshaw, 2007) and occurs when people within society have the same opinion about a particular stereotype and affix this to a group of people making negative connotations towards that particular group (Corrigan and Wassel, 2008). Then again, Corrigan and Wassel (2008) state that discriminative behaviour can be seen as a direct result of prejudice. This involves a specific group being treated in a dissimilar way leading to that group not being able to access opportunities available to them or their rights being restricted (Stier and Hin shaw, 2007). Negative attitudes towards people with mental distress may be manifested by physical and verbal abuse, problems in the workplace or discrimination from people who provide services to people with a mental illness (Mind, 2010). Negative attitudes are partly constructed in the language we use to describe mental illness. People with mental distress are often being described in derogatory terms. For example, perpetrators of acts of violence are often described as Lunatics, mad person (Tudor, 1996), schizos, nutters, psychos, fiends, monsters and maniacs (Twomley, 2007). This makes a clear link between violence and mental distress, it must be acknowledged though that not everyone who is violent necessarily has a mental illness. Angermeyer and Schulze (2001) suggest the general public view people with mental illness as bizarre, fear-provoking, impulsive, violent and lack self-discipline. From this, therefore, it could be suggested that people who have a mental illness are deviants or have deviant behaviour. Becker (1963) defines deviance as any trait or behaviour that was abnormal when compared to the average population (pg. ). If mental illness is classed as deviant then how bad does someone have to act or behave to be classed as deviant. This demonstrates that social rules that are made allow people to judge others as different or in this case deviant (Becker, 1963). This is further supported by Baumann (2007) who suggest that the individuals picture of the world is created by comparatively constant norms, principles and expectations. Angermeyer and Matschinger (2005) suggests a diagnosis of schizophrenia has, particularly, been found to be stigmatizing and linked with negative stereotypes such as violence and dangerousness. This shows that by mental health being medicalised it is profoundly unhelpful due to the diagnostic terms such as psychosis which can shackle people to the mental health system (Watkins, 2007). In contrast Shepherd et al (2008) describe the recovery model as taking ownership and responsibility for an illness and what can and cant be done, focusing on the strengths and issues rather than a diagnosis. This is a reliable source provided by the Sainsbury Centre for Mental Health. The recovery model will be discussed more in-depth in chapter three. There is no doubt that the media plays a part in reinforcing the attitudes towards mental health and mental illness. In everyday life the public come into contact with the media by newspapers, TV and radio on a daily basis. The way people with a mental illness are viewed as dangerous can be seen to be fuelled by tabloid media publicity about psycho-killers (Tudor, 1996). Examples of this are included in the appendix. The report, Screening for madness, by Byrne (2009) reveals that films representations of people with experience of mental health problems have become more harmful, he suggests that, Mental health stereotypes have not changed over a century of cinema. If anything, the comedy is crueler and the deranged psycho killer even more demonic. (pg. 4) One flew over the Cuckoos Nest can be seen as the film most remembered for depicting someone with a mental illness acting strangely or violently (reference). Even though this was released 35 years ago it shows the influence of movie stereotypes on attitudes and how these can last generations. This is also demonstrated with the recent film Batman-the Dark Knight depicting mental illness with violence which more or less is based around the mental illness schizophrenia (Byrne, 2009). This would suggest that ignorance and lack of understanding of mental illness are still very prominent in society today. It must be acknowledged there are some exceptions to this, of more recent films that have portrayed a less sensational and more insightful picture of mental illness. For instance, A Beautiful Mind, in 2002, depicted the true story of a maths genius who had a diagnosis of schizophrenia, while Shine, in 1996, was the story of a brilliant pianist who had a diagnosis of bipolar disorder. Nevertheless, the more positive portrayals can represent mental distress as exotic, dramatic or romantic in ways that bear little resemblance to real-life experiences (Lott, 2006). Likewise, media portrayals of mental health have been far from flattering and largely sensationalized. A survey undertaken in 2000 by MIND found that 73% of people with mental health problems felt that the reporting of mental health issues were unjust, biased and pessimistic (MIND, 2000 cited in Rethink, 2006). In addition a study by Chopra and Doody (1997) looked at 98 newspaper articles and found there was no significant difference in the portrayal of schizophrenia. They did find overall that 36.1% of articles were negative in tone, 56.7% were neutral and 7.2% were positive. The word schizophrenic is often used in tabloid stories in conjunction with violent events, somehow suggesting that the diagnosis can justify why the violence happened in the first place (Twomey, 2007). In reality, the person who happens to have a diagnosis of schizophrenia may have acted in such a way due to taking illegal drugs or may have a violent personality, we need to look at all aspect of what led to a violent situation happening and not just that someone was mentally ill. The media can often be seen to be responsible for stigmatizing stereotypes of mental illness (Byrne, 1997),however, if the media was used to its potential it can challenge prejudice, enlighten and instigate discussions, helping to reduce the stigma that is so often experienced by people with a mental illness (Salter and Byrne, 2000). It is still evident through reporting on mental health that a diagnosis of a mental illness is linked to violence. There is however, some evidence of positive change where The Sun newspaper was made to remove a headline of Bonkers Bruno locked up which was reporting on the sectioning of the boxer frank Bruno under the Mental Health Act (MIND, 2010). In 2006, the Press Complaints Commission (PCC) published a code of practice, which banned the use of stigmatising language around mental illness which reduced the use of the terms such as schizo and nutter (PCC, 2006). This gives an example of just how much the media has moved on over the years and that there are some strategies to prevent harm being done to people with mental health problems. Becker (1963) concludes that people who are mentally ill are blamed for things that happen in society therefore you would think they would be punished or persecuted. It must be acknowledged that there are extensive resources devoted to the benevolent care and support of those with an enduring mental illness. Even though this is an old source it is relevant even today and apparent how services are developing for people with mental health problems. Nevertheless, people suffering from a mental illness are still feared and excluded from society (Becker, 1963 and Watkins, 2007). When people have acute mental health problems they can appear to the public to be frightening and exhibit odd behaviours which can often lead to police involvement (Taylor, 2008). At such times they can commit criminal acts, often escaping prosecution due to their mental illness at the time (Bowers, 1998; Taylor, 2008). Therefore, it could be argued that the public hold these views due to such examples where peopl e are excused from their actions on the basis of some supposed illness. It could be suggested that they should be held accountable for their actions as anyone else would be (Bowers, 1998). It can be argued that these attitudes towards mental illness can be seen in a direct parallel to racism (Bowers, 1998). So why do people continue showing negative attitudes and views towards mental health as much work has been done in helping to combat racism, can the same not be done for people with mental illness. Negative attitudes towards individuals with mental illness is widespread and can be capable of creating a significant barrier to treatment (Piner and Kahle, 1984). It has been established that negative attitudes can be individually the most significant obstruction to integration of people with a mental illness in to society (Piner and Kahle, 1984). Negative attitudes towards mental health can influence the path and result of their mental illness (Bowers, 1998). This can also lead to self-stigma which occurs when an individual with a mental health illness internalizes the stigma and believes they are of less value (Halter, 2004; Corrigan, 2007). This may result in low self-worth, loss of dignity, and lead to feelings of hopelessness (Campbell and Deacon, 2006). People who experience a mental illness often see no potential for them to undertake full time employment due to internalizing these negative attitudes that are held about the psychiatric system (Watkins, 2007). If we dont help people recover from mental illnesses it is inevitable that it may become an enduring illness. An analogy given compares it to having a broken leg; if you dont rest it then it wont heal properly, the same could be said for the mind. Maybe if people were more positive towards mental health and mental illness then people with mental health problems would be encouraged to flourish in the community and not be seen as deviant. This is supported by Sayce (2000) who suggests that being part of the social foundations of the community is necessary for our psychological well being. Generally most people would like to think they are compassionate and have inclusive attitudes towards people who experience a breakdown in their mental health (Ross and Read, 2004). Except, discrimination is still communicated in everyday social situations in subtly distancing, condescending exchanges, flippant outlooks or obvious hostility leaving people feeling socially isolated (Watkins, 2007). This could be due to the fact that mental illness shows how fragile human nature is therefore peoples/societies anxieties and fears about mental health may be due to seeing the potential that any one of us could develop a mental health disorder (Becker, 1963). From my practice to date the following example really brought home to me the level of stigma and negative attitudes people have towards mental illness. When listening to an account from a service user it made me realise how public attitudes towards people with mental health difficulties is still a big issue and a real challenge for health care professionals. Mary explained that when taking a taxi to give a talk to students about living with mental illness she got talking to the taxi driver. At first he thought she was a lecturer but when she explained what she was going to do he became very quiet and stopped conversation with her. She found this a very ignorant and closed way of dealing with the situation and became quite upset about it. Having examined the concepts of stigma, discussed the negative attitudes that the public hold towards mental health and mental illness, suggested why they may have adopted these views and attitudes and addressed the medias role in portraying these views and sustaining these attitudes towards mental illness. It is now important to draw some recommendations and challenges that can help reduce the stigma of mental illness and promote a more positive picture to members of the public. These recommendations include education and public contact. Firstly, education of the public both at school and after (Murphy et al 1993; Penn et al 1994) about mental health and its prevalence among every one of us is really important. Education is widely approved for influencing prejudice and discrimination (Corrigan and Wassel, 2008). Corrigan and Wassel (2008) ask the important question, If people had the correct knowledge or effective problem solving skills, would they be able to give up public stigma and handle associated concerns more directly? (pg. 45) Education can generate small effects on attitudes; unfortunately, this kind of change in attitude is seen to not be maintained over time (Corrigan et al, 2001). This demonstrates the need to continually re-educate people to reinforce the message. Challenging the public is most effective when it targets people who frequently interact with individuals with mental illness: landlords, employers, GPs, police officers etc (Corrigan and Wassel, 2008). Secondly, most importantly the media needs to comply with their code of practice (2006). If something does appear in the media that appears stigmatising people should protest against it not accept it and reiterate that it wont be tolerated. As nurses we need to encourage that positive things surrounding mental health of mental health are promoted in the media. Lastly, the public need more contact with people who are experiencing mental health difficulties. This type of contact can provide the most healthy and positive findings toward changing public stigma (Penn et al,1994; Pettigrew and Tropp, 2000). It can be something as small as someone speaking about their mental illness in a group situation to co-workers learning of someone coping with a mental illness. The effectiveness of utilising contact can be improved when the person with a mental illness is seen by society as in the same social class as them (Gaertner et al, 1996). In Link and Cullens (1986) study they found people who had contact with someone who had a mental illness showed much lower anxiety around danger compared to those who had no contact. Murphy et als (1993) study contradicted this as they found having contact with someone with a mental illness did not impact on their attitude. However, they did establish that people who spoke of having knowledge of mental illness showe d a reduced anxiety and fear of mental illness. Finally, the prevalence of mental illness in society cannot be underestimated. As previously alluded to with 1 in 5 people suffering from a mental illness (WHO, 2001) we cannot afford to ignore the impact of stigma, all health care professionals especially nurses need to advocate for clients and work with others to promote and protect the health and wellbeing of those in their care, their families and carers, and the wider community (Nursing and Midwifery Council, 2008). Having discussed the views and attitudes that the public hold towards mental illness and those experiencing mental health difficulties it is now important, in the next chapter, to examine the views and attitudes of general nurses. Many will come into contact with people with mental health problems particularly in accident and emergency (a and e) and a medical setting.

Media Essay -- Papers

Media Essay The word quiz possibly originates from the Latin word "Qui es?" meaning "who are you?" it was also used to define a droll or eccentric person. Later it came to mean a practical joke, we therefore know the word "quiz" is of an uncertain origin. Wireless radio shows first became popular in 1934, it bro8ught with it a strange new programme called "The Symington's soups film star competition programme". This was the first quiz show broadcasted and proved to be very popular. Contestants would follow on screen instructions, write down answers and send them in to the show; winners received vouchers for powdered soup. The BBC's first quiz is believed to be on the "children's hour" programme in November 1937. Called regional round the position of authority was taken by uncle Mac. A correct answer from one lad was rewarded with the compliment 'that's absolutely wizard'. Very soon after this the first BBC quiz for adults was broadcast and was called "Trans-Atlantic quiz". In 1955 ITV formed a large number of quiz shows that became popular such as "take your pick" and "double your money". However in the 1970's and 80's limits on prize money were imposed by TV watchdogs and the maximum prize would be the equivalent of a small car every four shows. Therefore if more questions resulted in too many minis's being won, then the pre-recorded shows had to be screened out of sequence to space out the "big prizes. In the 1990's the birth of quiz shows with huge amounts of money such as "who wants to be a millionaire" and the "weakest link" became popular, some people criticise these are making the nation greedy by offering hu... ...erent occasions and for the first few times it is enjoyable to watch however after that it just becomes repetitive and boring. I feel that the possible million pound prize money is a very unique selling point as there are no other shows where u can win that much in one sitting. Yet I don't feel that the show would be as interesting without that much prize money. For how long the show has been on and the amount it could have given away it has only handed over one million pounds four times. Seven people have viewed the million pound question but decided not to risk it and have simply left with  £500,000. Overall throughout 344 shows and 15 series they have only given out 40 million pounds which isn't much considering over the years they might have had to pay out much more if everyone achieved the million pound mark?

Art Max Beckmann

Max Beckmann â€Å"Still-Life With Three Skulls† 1945. The ’Great War’ had a lasting and profound effect on Beckmann. In 1915 he suffered a mental breakdown and for this reason was discharged from the German army. In artistic terms, the sickening experience of senseless mass death on the battlefield brought new bleakness to his paintings. Beckmann’s use of a traditional Vanitas-style still life tells us a lot about what his thoughts are about the world he is part of, especially after his war encounters.This Vanitas work springs from his before mentioned terrible experiences during World War One, the political crisis of 1920s and 1930s Germany, the rise of Hitler and exile, a completely new area for Beckmann. After the rise of Hitler, Beckmann's popularity distinguished as Hitler would have no portrayal of what Nazi Germany was really like (violent and corrupt), even through art as the Nazi people deemed his work â€Å"degenerate†. It was in response to Nazi terror that Beckmann produced his first tripitch (a picture of three panels hinged vertically together), called Departure (1932-1935).The side panels depict torture and suffering, while the centre piece shows a woman and child on board a boat on a bright blue sea (although hinting at an unknown fate awaiting them). Beckmann fled Germany in 1937, taking refuge in Amsterdam, where he painted this still life during the final months of World War II. He combines a flat sense, and sharp, bold and intense colours with traditional Vanitas still life objects (the skulls). Also including an extinguished candle, playing cards-that possibly could suggest the gamble of human life that the war brought with it.The artist described these years as â€Å"a truly grotesque time, full to the brim with work, Nazi persecutions, bombs, hunger. † In the choice of objects, the prominence of black, and the thick, rough paint, this still life captures the grim mood portrayed by such words. . I t was in response to Nazi terror that Beckmann produced his first tripitch (a picture of three panels hinged vertically together), called Departure (1932-1935). The side panels depict torture and suffering, while the centre piece shows a woman and child on board a boat on a bright blue sea (although hinting at an unknown fate awaiting them).

Exercise in Identifying Effective Thesis Statements

Exercise in Identifying Effective Thesis Statements This exercise will help you understand the difference between an effective and ineffective thesis statement, ie a sentence that identifies the main idea and central purpose of an essay. Instructions For each pair of sentences below, select the one that you think would make the more effective thesis in the introductory paragraph of a short essay (approximately 400 to 600 words). Keep in mind that an effective thesis statement should be sharply focused and specific, not just a general statement of fact. When youre done, you may want to discuss your answers with your classmates, and then compare your responses with the suggested answers on page two. Be ready to defend your choices. Because these thesis statements appear outside the context of complete essays, all responses are judgment calls, not absolute certainties. (a) The Hunger Games is a science fiction adventure film based on the novel of the same name by Suzanne Collins.(b) The Hunger Games is a morality tale about the dangers of a political system that is dominated by the wealthy.(a) There is no question that cell phones have changed our lives in a very big way.(b) While cell phones provide freedom and mobility, they can also become a leash, compelling users to answer them anywhere and at any time.(a) Finding a job is never easy, but it can be especially hard when the economy is still feeling the effects of a recession and employers are reluctant to hire new workers.(b) College students looking for part-time work should begin their search by taking advantage of job-finding resources on campus.(a) For the past three decades, coconut oil has been unjustly criticized as an artery-clogging saturated fat.(b) Cooking oil is plant, animal, or synthetic fat that is used in frying, baking, and other types of cooking.(a) There have been over 200 mo vies about Count Dracula, most of them only very loosely based on the novel published by Bram Stoker in 1897.(b) Despite its title, Bram Stokers Dracula, a film directed by Francis Ford Coppola, takes considerable liberties with Stokers novel. (a) There are several steps that teachers can take to encourage academic integrity and curtail cheating in their classes.(b) There is an epidemic of cheating in Americas schools and colleges, and there are no easy solutions to this problem.(a) J. Robert Oppenheimer, the American physicist who directed the building of the first atomic bombs during World War II, had technical, moral, and political reasons for opposing the development of the hydrogen bomb.(b) J. Robert Oppenheimer often referred to as the father of the atomic bomb, was born in New York City in 1904.(a) The iPad has revolutionized the mobile-computing landscape and created a huge profit stream for Apple.(b) The iPad, with its relatively large high-definition screen, has helped to revitalize the comic book industry.(a) Like other addictive behaviors, Internet addiction may have serious negative consequences, including academic failure, job loss, and a breakdown in personal relationships.(b) Drug and alcohol addiction is a major problem in the world today, and many people suffer from it. (a) When I was a child I used to visit my grandmother in Moline every Sunday.(b) Every Sunday we visited my grandmother, who lived in a tiny house that was undeniably haunted.(a)  The bicycle was introduced in the nineteenth century and rapidly grew into a worldwide phenomenon.(b) In several ways, bicycles today are  better than they were 100 or even 50 years ago.(a) Although many varieties of beans belong in a healthy diet, among the most nutritious are black beans, kidney beans, chickpeas, and pinto beans.(b) Although beans are generally good for you, some kinds of raw beans can be dangerous if theyre not well cooked. Suggested Answers (b)  The Hunger Games  is a morality tale about the dangers of a political system that is dominated by the wealthy.(b) While cell phones provide freedom and mobility, they can also become a leash, compelling users to answer them anywhere and at any time.(b) College students looking for part-time work should begin their search by taking advantage of job-finding resources on campus.(a) For the past three decades, coconut oil has been unjustly criticized as an artery-clogging saturated fat.(b) Despite its title,  Bram Stokers Dracula, a film directed by Francis Ford Coppola, takes considerable liberties with Stokers novel.(a) There are several steps that teachers can take to encourage academic integrity and curtail cheating in their classes.(a) J. Robert Oppenheimer, the American physicist who directed the building of the first atomic bombs during World War II, had technical, moral, and political reasons for opposing the development of the hydrogen bomb.(b) The iPad, with its rela tively large high-definition screen, has helped to revitalize the comic book industry. (a) Like other addictive behaviors, Internet addiction may have serious negative consequences, including academic failure, job loss, and a breakdown in personal relationships.(b) Every Sunday we visited my grandmother, who lived in a tiny house that was undeniably haunted.(b) In several ways, bicycles today are  better than  they were 100 or even 50 years ago.(a) Although many varieties  of beans belong in a healthy diet, among the most nutritious are black beans, kidney beans,  chickpeas, and pinto beans.

Free Essays on After Sept 11

University of Saint Francis Will We ever be Safe Again? CONTENTS Personal Story (what lead me to my investigation) 5-8 Investigation Results†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦9-13 Interview13-14 Interview Commentary †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦....15 SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY 16 As I was sitting in professor Cox’s psychology 101 class, September eleventh started off as any regular day for me. I was still getting used to my first semester of being a college student but I was still able to notice something was a little different today. Surprisingly almost every student was late to class, even professor Cox who is usually one of the first to arrive. Just as I was packing up by book bag to leave, because I thought class was cancelled, Professor Cox and a couple students walked in. The persona of professor Cox was somewhat out of the ordinary though, the look on his face actually scared me. Professor Cox, being a physiologist, is usually in a positive mood beginning each class by saying good morning to each and every student and always having a huge smile on his face that seemed to stretch from ear to ear, but this morning of September eleventh many things changed. As the students started flowing into class each and everyone of them seemed to be engulfed in a deep conversation of some sort. At first I thought they were talking about a party this weekend, but I could tell by the looks on there faces that partying was the last thing on there minds. I always seemed to be the last to know everything, I really wanted to find out what everyone was talking about. In this case though, I wish I would have never known. I yelled across the room to one of my soccer teammates Mark. Mark was a year older than me and in the Army reserve. Mark came walking over to me with his freshly shaved head gleaming in the sun that seemed to peak in through the window. ‘Mark† I said, â€Å"What is going on, what the hell i... Free Essays on After Sept 11 Free Essays on After Sept 11 University of Saint Francis Will We ever be Safe Again? CONTENTS Personal Story (what lead me to my investigation) 5-8 Investigation Results†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦9-13 Interview 13-14 Interview Commentary †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦....15 SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY 16  As I was sitting in professor Cox’s psychology 101 class, September eleventh started off as any regular day for me. I was still getting used to my first semester of being a college student but I was still able to notice something was a little different today. Surprisingly almost every student was late to class, even professor Cox who is usually one of the first to arrive. Just as I was packing up by book bag to leave, because I thought class was cancelled, Professor Cox and a couple students walked in. The persona of professor Cox was somewhat out of the ordinary though, the look on his face actually scared me. Professor Cox, being a physiologist, is usually in a positive mood beginning each class by saying good morning to each and every student and always having a huge smile on his face that seemed to stretch from ear to ear, but this morning of September eleventh many things changed. As the students started flowing into class each and everyone of them seemed to be engulfed in a deep conversation of some sort. At first I thought they were talking about a party this weekend, but I could tell by the looks on there faces that partying was the last thing on there minds. I always seemed to be the last to know everything, I really wanted to find out what everyone was talking about. In this case though, I wish I would have never known. I yelled across the room to one of my soccer teammates Mark. Mark was a year older than me and in the Army reserve. Mark came walking over to me with his freshly shaved head gleaming in the sun that seemed to peak in through the window. ‘Mark† I said, â€Å"What is going on, what the hell i...

The Protestant Reformation -- Religious Studies 3593 Moral Development Term Paper

The Protestant Reformation -- Religious Studies 3593 Moral Development - Term Paper Example And with much money and more power, the people within the church became corrupt. The people within the church were fighting. Those in power were craving for more power, and tried to implement doctrines that were becoming an â€Å"eye sore†. Everybody was questioning the teachings and doctrines of the Church. Church doctrines were taught and literally interpreted from the Bible. The people then thought of and asked for reforms. They realized that their religion was not teaching them good morals because those running their religion were corrupt and immoral. The changes or reforms asked for were complaints against the clergy, the sacraments, the many confessions, and many other complaints, called for by Martin Luther, John Calvin and others. This paper will talk on the Protestant Reformation, but authors of medieval times and of the reformation talk of several reformations. We can’t help here but talk of the Protestant Reformation in referring the colored past of the Catholic church, the Protestant Church, and others like the Calvinist concept of reformation. Also, as a result of the Protestant Reformation, several reformations or movement within the Catholic Church had emerged. They were championed by then so-called reformers within the church, like Guillaume Briconnet, bishop of Meaux in the 1520s, and Jean du Bellay, bishop of Paris from 1532, â€Å"who wanted to introduce new ideas but were prepared to do so from within the structures of the Catholic church† (Gray 5). The Reformation was a movement and a phenomenon in the sixteenth century which affected largely the political, economic, social, and religious lives of the people. It asked for changes and better religious world and beliefs. The reformers were led by Martin Luther, and then came others like Zwingli, Calvin, Knox, Cranmer, and the rest. They were later followed by the Puritans and the different Anabaptist movements (which were far more radical in their approach). These

The Holocaust and the Cold War Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4250 words

The Holocaust and the Cold War - Essay Example Early German nationalism originated out of the political effort to unify the German states into a cohesive nation state and the ideology which supported this political program. The ideology was a quite mystical doctrine, deriving from Herder, Fichte, Hegel, according to which, the German nation is a super-organism with a 'will' and 'spirit' of its own, and the German citizen is someone not at all free as to will and rights, but merely a cell or component part of the state organism and subject to its super-ordinate 'will'. Hegel, Herder and Fichte's thesis that a nation is defined by its culture and principally its language, provided the theoretical and ideological foundation for the typical German nationalist view, that all German-speaking people and the land upon which they reside form a metaphysical whole, an organic nation, destined to become a unified and sovereign German state (Blaut, p.58). The original German doctrine acquired a strong flavor of expansive nationalism with the addition of Ratzel's theory of Lebensraum, 'living space', during the Bismarck era. According to this theory, the German national organism, like all other organisms, has the inherent need, and therefore, the inherent moral right, to grow and thus to expand (Blaut, p.35). This theory of Lebensraum found its practical expression and fulfillment beyond the Bismarckian era into that of Nazi Germany. On January 30, 1933; an Austrian born German, by faith a Catholic, was declared Chancellor of Germany by President Hindenburg, with the support of the Conservatives and the Army, in an entirely constitutional manner. That fateful day, when Adolf Hitler was sworn in at 5 p.m., the German people imposed upon themselves and upon the world a Nazi tyranny, the kind of which had never before been experienced anywhere on earth. As he stood on the balcony of the Reich Chancellery in Berlin, the huge crowd below felicitated him as their Fuhrer, their Leader and their Messiah, who would make the German nation and its people greater than any other nation or any other race in the world. Only fifteen years back, he was almost a non-entity. He had enlisted in the army and had to be hospitalized after being almost blinded by gas in Wervik, near Flanders in Belgium. It was there on November 10, 1918, a dreary and dark autumn Sunday that Hitler sank into the depth of his ordeals in hearing about what he termed as "the greatest villainy of the century." (Shirer, p.52) The local pastor, "a reverend old gentleman" who came to the hospital to make an important announcement, informed them that the "Great War" had ended. Germany had lost the First World War, the Kaiser and all the German princes had abdicated and Germany had become a Republic. (Vrerkhem p.3) Germany would have to obey the terms laid down in the Armistice and would also have to bear the heavy burdens of the war. This historic event shaped Hitler's own future and the future of Germany. He tried to glean some information about the events that led to the Armistice and what he learnt only hardened him against t he Marxists and the Jews. He could not forgive the Marxists for what he considered as their betrayal of Emperor William II who had for the first time extended his hand of friendship towards them. (This however is in contradiction with his later action. It is believed that at least till May 1919 he associated himself with socialist

Analysis of the Various Marketing Channels Term Paper

Analysis of the Various Marketing Channels - Term Paper Example For a marketing channel to be effective, it requires that proper communication is effectively done to avoid poor communication. Communication involves advertising, promotions; electronic-mail, telephone conversations and complaints follow up. To be able to design an effective marketing channel, it is imperative that the business analyze customer needs, set up objectives and also be able to evaluate alternative marketing channels for their organization. In the traditional retail business wholesalers, distributors, retailers, and the consumers are all involved in the transferring process. Storage and shipping is an important aspect of the marketing channel and it takes place at every level of the distribution channel. It is usually facilitated by players such as warehouse agents and freight carriers. Another aspect of the retail business involves the services that are given to the customer and such activities include providing them with adequate information, training them on all aspects of the product, fulfilling any statutory and legal requirements and facilitation of credit services for the customers (Hennig-Thurau and Hansen 2000). Morrison's company was founded in 1899 by William Morrison. It began as a single egg and butter stall in Bradford, West Yorkshire. This company is one of the largest food retailer supermarkets with 375 stores. It mainly deals with food and groceries. Though big, it does not offer its customers an online shopping service which is crucial for the expansion of the business. In addition, it has yet to venture into the financial services market that is essentialThis Company is said to have the same prices in all its stores and this has made it win their customers loyalty. Since it has a relatively small size and regional focus. It promotes most of its own products through using its Farmers, Boy, and product subsidiaries. By the use of the wholesale model, this has proved to be the focal point in generating the company's profits while at the same time, it has maintained low prices. The company depends on its own subsidiaries to provide products and packagings to all its stores.T hey also have their own manufacturing facility which is unique to suit their market. The Morrison's company lays its emphasis on freshness, quality, provenance, in-store production, in-season food and their expression of their deep understanding of food. (Hennig-Thurau and Hansen 2000). The company operates its own manufacturing plant and it does its own distribution because all these channels are well integrated. In this company, they match the retail opening hours in all their stores. This chain of supermarkets also focuses on selling fresh food and also offers an employee discount scheme. Promotional offers are used like "half price "rather than "buy one get one free".

Lane Book Rotc Essay Example for Free

Lane Book Rotc Essay Conduct Day and Night Land Navigation training and evaluation. (4) Conduct two nights of patrol base operations to simulate conditions at LDAC. End State: Cadets from all three universities are challenged both mentally and physically, MSIIIs are prepared for LDAC, and MSIs and MSIIs are better trained for further responsibility in the ROTC program. 4 Concept of the Operation 26APR12 Phase 1: Movement to Camp San Luis Obispo. All personnel on post, ready to train NLT 1600. Integration and Written Land Navigation Exam (MSIIIs only). MSIs MSIIs attend round robin classes. Once the exam is finished, all cadets attend round robin training. 27APR12 Phase 3: STX Lanes, Patrol Base Operations, and Night Land Navigation. 1st PLT moves to East, 2nd PLT to West. Each SQD conducts 5 STX lanes. After chow, the PLT will move as one unit to the first PB. They will leave their rucks and all will return for Night Land Nav. 28APR12 Phase 4: Patrolling Lanes and Patrol Base Operations. PLTs will form into their patrolling elements and switch sides. SQD pairings will be 1/3 SQD and 2/4 SQD, each will conduct 3 lanes, after chow they will move to separate PBs. 29APR12 Phase 5: Night Land Navigation and Day Land Navigation. MSIIIs conduct Night Land Nav before dawn. All Cadets conduct Day Land Nav after morning chow. Phase 6: Recovery and Return to Schools. Key tasks include weapons cleaning, accountability of all Cadets, sensitive items, and equipment and clearing of all facilities and training areas. 5 Area of Operations Barracks/DFAC/Main Gate East Side West Side 6 Primary Comms Primary Communications for STX and PTRL Lanes will be radios. Each respective site (East West) will use a specific set of radios that will only work within the range of that training site. Radios will be issued by S-4 at he TOC prior to movement to the training areas. STX: Each lane will have two radios to communicate between Evaluator and OPFOR. Each lane will remain on their assigned. Patrol is assigned two radios for communication between PL and APL. Prior to beginning the lane, change CHANNEL to the specific lane you will be running. NET CALL: At the conclusion of the AAR, the Evaluator(s) will move the SQD or PTRL to the next lane. For STX, establish a positive link-up and return to your assigned lane Prior to the start of each rotation, CDT OICs will radio each Evaluator to confirm SQD arrival.

The Lady in Black and the Lovers in The Awakening :: Chopin Awakening Essays

The Lady in Black and the Lovers in The Awakening Kate Chopin's The Awakening is a terrific read and I am hardly able to put it down! I am up to chapter XV and many of the characters are developing in very interesting ways. Edna is unfulfilled as a wife and mother even though she and her husband are financially well off. Her husband, Leonce Pontellier, is a good husband and father but he has only been paying attention to his own interests. At this point he is unaware of the fact that his wife's needs are not being met. Robert and the other characters are equally intriguing but something else has piqued my interest. Some of Chopin's characters are not fully developed. I know that these are important characters because they are representative of specific things; they are metaphoric characters. In particular, I've noticed the lovers and the lady in black. I'm fascinated by the fact that both the lovers and the lady in black are completely oblivious to the rest of the world. They are also in direct contrast with e ach another. For this week's reader response I am taking a different approach. Rather than analyzing the main characters, I will examine the lovers and the lady in black. The lady in black is first mentioned in Chapter I. Mr. Pontellier is surveying the cottages when he notices that a lady in black is walking demurely up and down, with her beads (468). In this example the rosary beads suggest that the lady in black is religious. I believe that this character is a symbol of religion. While everyone else is relaxing, she is busy praying. It is also worth noting that there are several passages which suggest that Edna is rebelling from her religious upbringing. For example, just after we meet the lovers, Edna shares a memory with Madame Ratignolle. She describes herself walking through a meadow as a young girl. She says, "Likely as not it was Sunday... and I was running away from prayers, from the Presbyterian service, read in a spirit of gloom by my father that chills me yet to think of it" (480). Similar to the description of her fathers service, the lady in black is serious and serene.